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IRS in Costa Rica

IRS Winning friends among local bank officials!
The sign of things to come: Banco Cuscatlan now requires citizens or resident aliens of the United States to fill out a W9 form for personal accounts at the firm’s banks in Costa Rica.

Why?  Because Citigroup bought Grupo Cuscatlan from Corporación UBC Internacional S.A. for $1.51 billion in cash and stock. Grupo Cuscatlan has operations in El Salvador, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Honduras and Panamá.

Most United States citizens are familiar with a W9 form.  It is an Internal Revenue Service form used to obtain a person’s taxpayer identification number.   In the case of individuals, the identification is the Social Security number.

The purpose of the form is to acquire information from taxpayers for the United States government’s tax collection efforts.  A web version of the form that can be filled out online and printed can be found HERE!

The bank is also requiring account holders to sign a form that states the following:

“The undersigned hereby authorizes Banco Cuscatlan de Costa Rica, S.A. to report, on an annual basis, the information on the account holder and his or her account(s) and any interest earned on such product(s) or account(s) held in Banco Cuscatlan de Costa Rica S.A. to the United States Internal Revenue Service and to withhold any United States tax.”

This is just another scary story of the transparency phantom stalking bank information.

Recently, an expat sold his home in Costa Rica.  He almost put the proceeds of the sale in his Cuscatlan personal account.  There is no capital gains tax in Costa Rica but there is in the United States.  In theory, the bank could withhold money and send it to the United States government as backup withholding to cover taxes due.

If United States expats do not fill out the form, their personal accounts can be closed and/or the bank can withhold as much as 30 percent of any moneys in the accounts.  The deadline for compliance is the end of this January.

Many expats believe their money in Costa Rica is safe from their home country’s tax authorities.  Some countries do not required the payment of taxes on holdings or gains from investments in Costa Rica.  The United States does.  No matter where a United States citizen goes, he or she owes taxes on the money he or she makes on investments.

Many expats from the United States try to hide their gains here by using companies to hold assets.

Some go as far as to use Costa Ricans to hold their stock to hide their profits.  Those that do
have no control over their assets, and some take a beating from white-collar thieves.

This kind of reporting to the United States is just the start.   Cuscatlan is just taking the lead because it is a United States banking institution. GE Consumer Finance purchased 49.99 peercent of BAC San José in May 2005, and since that purchase, the bank has scrutinize accounts very closely.  The bank continues to close many questionable accounts held by expats before the purchase.

HSBC recently purchased Banex.  HSBC Bank USA has close ties with the Costa Rican subsidiary and probably will be requiring the same forms as Cuscatlan very soon.

All these facts mean the accounts once used by expats to hide money in Costa Rica are almost gone.  Most banks, even the ones not mentioned here now, require any new customer to fill out a form or sign an agreement that permits the bank to give information about the account and the account holders to any authority, including the U. S. Internal Revenue Service.

The best practice when living and investing in Costa Rica is to be on the up and up with all ones business dealings.  This includes paying one’s taxes to Costa Rica and the home country.  It makes for a better nights sleep.

By Garland M. Baker
Special to A.M. Costa Rica

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A blip from A Broad in Costa Rica

I read this on one of the other blogs here in Costa Rica and had to share it as it was so true and on the mark.

Thank you Saratica for this contribution to my day www.abroadincostarica.com

Ethical Dilemma. Sorta.

I went to the ATM last Thursday with my mom. You put your card in, you punch in your code, select ENGLISH or SPANISH, DOLLARS or COLONES (get colones, it’s easier), punch in the amount, choose which account you are withdrawing from (like I have so many)… wait while the machine whirrs and counts. Then take your cash, receipt and card. Easy.

Only this day, the machine counts and counts and counts and counts, on and on and on. It must have taken 10 minutes. I kept wondering should I stop it? Cancel? Would it debit my account anyway? Would I have to go in and try to convince someone I didn’t get the money? Argh. The two places you want to make sure each party understands the other is the doctor’s office and the bank. One little word out of place and you could be unnecessarily re-writing your will. I’m anxious about having to get someone to understand what transpired here…

So I’m waiting, waiting, waiting. And finally the little door opens and out slides my cash. With 20,000 colones extra ($40). I count it three times and there it is. And the two extra bills are “out of place”… you know how when you get your money from an ATM, it’s in a neat stack? This all was, too, except for these two extra 10,000 colon bills… Obviously a mix-up here and the reason for the extended counting process.

I practice rigorous honesty with money. I have so little of it, I need all the good karma I can get. And stealing is just flat out wrong. As wrong as you can get next to murder and mistreating animals.

This ATM is in front of a mini-bank, a one-teller deal and it’s not open yet. I peer in the glass door and there is a young guy in there getting ready to open in 10 minutes or so. I knock and shout, “La machina [MAH-kee-nah] no funcionar [foonck-sea-oh-NAR]!” I think I said, “The machine does not work.” This tico must not understand my Spanglish ’cause he looks at me with a blank expression. So I start wildly pointing to the machine and waving the wad of cash in my hand… He figures I need him and gives me the universal sign for one minute. Which I know is going to be ten because that’s when he opens.

While I’m waiting, a lightbulb goes off and the coming scene unfolds before me. I KNOW when I give this guy my 20,000 extra magically-appearing colones, they will magically disappear into his pocket. I don’t suspect this. I KNOW this. Because Costa Ricans, like most locals in most developing nations, don’t have the idiotic compunction about honesty and stealing we gringos have.

Stealing is accepted here. Not everyone steals. And ticos are honest. But after seventeen months, I know stealing is a way of life here. Perhaps they don’t think of it as stealing so therefore it’s not dishonest. I don’t know how anyone justifies it. Or if they think about it at all. But taking something that doesn’t belong to you is accepted in the same way that bribery and corruption are accepted. Particularly among the young. And especially if it used to belong to a gringo.

In that moment, I decide to take the money to a bigger bank and explain what happened. But I’ll have to wait until later when one is open. We go about our business. During which my mind is working. It occurs to me that, no matter who I give it to, this money will not make it back to the vault. I decide to donate it to a worthy cause. If it does indeed come out of my account or the bank discovers the mistake and contacts me, I am no worse off.

That same day, a very worthy cause presents itself. My friend Tica Teri is volunteering at a school in Jaco. I’ll be heading her way this week so she asks me to look for art supplies and for a software program that will teach English to little kids. The software is $32 at Office Depot. I will find art supplies today. That’s all gonna come to over $40 so my conscience is clear. I haven’t really donated any money, but I did the footwork and didn’t spend the money on me.

Meanwhile, I tell the Free Money story to several people. Before I get to the end and tell how I solved my ethical dilemma, ALL of them said keep the money, that no matter who you give it to at the bank, it will never make it back to the vault. Then, they said, make a donation.

But I have hard questions. Like, would this really have made it back to the vault in the U.S. like I so arrogantly assume? Are U.S. citizens so much more honest? Or just more afraid of being caught? Here, if a local is caught stealing, the judge basically says, “You shouldn’t have done that! Now go home and don’t do that again.” A new twist on reinforcing ethical behavior.

Did I do the right thing? Will the bank suffer? Will the tico who fills the ATM machine lose $40?

And who am I to decide how this was going to unfold? Who made me Master of all Things Honest? Only I can make the most honest choice? In reality, the only right thing to do would have been to give the money back to the bank. No question about that. If the next person in line decides to do something dishonest with the money, that is really none of my business and not my responsibility. Is it?

But my busybody self-righteous mind got in the way of giving it back to the bank and justified keeping it – right or wrong, it was still justification for my behavior which needed justifying – and then committing a Truly Noble Unselfish act and then reporting on it. This is almost as bad as public piety. Ick.

Is it really “only money”? Does my choice matter in the big picture? Does it matter at all? Did I go with the flow? Do I need more coffee? This last is the only question I can answer with any certainty because it’s easy: the answer is always yes. If only the rest of life’s little dilemmas could so simply fall into place.

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Banks in Costa Rica

Banks in Costa Rica include both private and public banks, with each alternative offering its benefits and drawbacks. The four public banks can be slower, with longer lines-especially durning the lunch hour, at the end of the day, and on pay day-but are making efforts to increase efficiency and tend to offer better access with many branches and ATM’s throughout the country.

On the other hand, the 12 private banks, some of which are affliated with international banks, can be faster but also tend to have higher fees but not by much and for the convenience it is generally worth the difference.

When choosing a bank, factors to consider include where you plan to live and how much you plan to travel ( those who will spend most of their time in San Jose will obviously have the widest array of banking options); whether you need to access your account or use your debit or credit card abroad: whether you speak Spanish (if you don’t, a private bank, particularly and international bank, is probably your best bet) and what other options you require, such as Internet banking, which is increasingly avalable and extensive. Requirements to open accounts vary from bank to bank and may include documents from electricity bills to personal references from other bank clients.

Another decision to make is whether to open a dolor or colon account. With devaluation continuing at the steep rate of 0.13 colon per day, dollars are a more stable option for long term accounts. Interest is higher on colon accounts to make up for the devaluation of the colon.

Passport originals are generally required for an bank transaction. Be sure to call ahead for bank hours-don’t assume they will be open from 9-5, as some close earlier and open later. Also, plan ahead for the many Costa Rican holidays, when banks shut down completely.

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Banking choices

Costa Rica’s banking options include both private and public banks, with each alternative offering its benefits and drawbacks.  The four public banks can be slower, with longer lines-especially durning the lunch hour, at the end of the day, and on pay day-but are making efforts to increase efficiency and tend to offer better access with many branches and ATM’s throughout the country.

On the other hand, the 12 private banks, some of which are affliated with international banks, can be faster but also tend to have higher fees but not by much and for the convenience it is generally worth the difference.

When choosing a bank, factors to consider include where you plan to live and how much you plan to travel ( those who will spend most of their time in San Jose will obviously have the widest array of banking options); whether you need to access your account or use your debit or credit card abroad: whether you speak Spanish (if you don’t, a private bank, particularly and international bank, is probably your best bet) and what other options you require, such as Internet banking, which is increasingly avalable and extensive. Requirements to open accounts vary from bank to bank and may include documents from electricity bills to personal references from other bank clients.

Another decision to make is whether to open a dolor or colon account.  With devaluation continuing at the steep rate of 0.13 colon per day, dollars are a more stable option for long term accounts.  Interest is higher on colon accounts to make up for the devaluation of the colon.

Passport originals are generally required for an bank transaction.  Be sure to call ahead for bank hours-don’t assume they will be open from 9-5, as some close earlier and open later.  Also, plan ahead for the many Costa Rican holidays, when banks shut down completely.

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Opening a bank account

To open a bank account in Costa Rica, you will need a letter from your bank in the US stating that you are in good standing with the bank. You will also need a copy of your passport and a letter of recommendation from someone in good standing with a bank here in Costa Rica. They would also like for you to have a copy of your electric bill or phone bill, something that has your current address on it to prove your place of residence. Takes a little longer to open up an account here but it can be done with the right documents.

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Credit Cards

Credit cards are widely accepted, especially in upscale or tourist-oriented businesses. Visa is the most widely accepted card, with Master Card a close second and venerable American Express a distant third. Conversion is at the official exchange rate, though merchants may tack on a surcharge of 7% to offset the amount they are charged by credit card companies for each transaction.

When paying with cash you are often given a 5-10% discount off the purchase price. So it pays to carry and pay with cash in Costa Rica.